19th Battalion

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Visit to the Somme – part 4

The War diaries of the 4th Infantry Brigade, 2nd Canadians indicated troop movements away from the Somme at the beginning of October 1916.  Corporal Noel Bramwell Hall and his fellow infantry in the 19th Battalion had to take a long curved walk to their destination across fields, farms and through villages so they did not pass too close to the frontline.

They set off on 5th October from Bouzincourt and walked to Warloy-Baillon via Senlis-le-Sec. They had a couple of nights at Warloy to rest.

On 7th October their billet was La Vicogne via Contay, Herissart and Val de Maison.

Their 8th October destination was Bonneville via Val Heureux (Vert-Galand farm).  It seems they had a bit more rest at Bonneville of 3 nights in one place without being fired upon.

Beauval (one of the other Canadian Battalions came through this town)

Beauval (one of the other Canadian Battalions came through this town, not far from Occoches)

On 11th October they left Bonneville and went via Rienvillers, Autheux and Occoches to Remaisnil.

Their 12th October destination was Sibiville and Sericourt which they reached via Bouquemaison, Rebreuve-sur-Canche and Canettemont.

On 13th October they left the Houvin-Houvigneul area (it seems some of the Brigade was there rather than nearby Sibiville) – the march table for their destination listed several villages including Houvlin, Magnicourt-en-Comte, Monchy Breton, Orlencourt, Marquay and Bailleul-aux-Cornailles.

On 14th October they moved to Bruay-la-Buissiere, Haillicourt and Ruitz near to Bethune and the frontline.

16th October was the day the 4th Brigade marched to the Barlin-Hersin area in preparation for the frontline again.

Signs for Lens, Bethune, Lievin and Barlin

Signs for Lens, Bethune, Lievin and Barlin

During the afternoon of 26 October 2016 we roughly followed their route from the Somme to get a sense of the landscape and places they would have seen on their journey.  It was mostly farmland, villages and towns until we approached Bruay-la-Buissiere, though even on the motorways leading to Lieven, Lens and Loos-in-Gohelle where Noel is buried the colour of the autumnal trees lining the route were spectacular.

So although the landscape had become industrial and built up, there was enough nature to retain some beauty.

British line in Artois in the spring of 1916 after the relief of the French army south of Loos.

British line in Artois in the spring of 1916 after the relief of the French army south of Loos. http://www.1914-1918.net/maps.htm

The British frontline the 2nd Canadians had been sent to relieve was divided into three Brigade sections: Souchez on the right (south), Angrez in the centre and Calonne on the left (north) – near Bully-Grenay (where one Battalion was based in reserve).  The 4th Brigade was assigned to the Calonne section which was being held by the 111th Brigade and relieved them on the 17th October.

The map shows the British front line in Spring that year.

The Lens and Bethune area was a mining region and therefore of great value strategically.  Some of the 4th Brigade was called upon to help with some tunnelling for military purposes while most of the others manned the defences and frontline.

The War Diary intelligence summary sheet for 26th October 1916 shows that the weather was fair, the gas alert was relaxed and the Duke of Devonshire visited the 2nd Canadians that day. It also stated: Casualties O.R. 1 killed, 1 wounded.  O.R. means Ordnance Rating.  Noel.

On the Library and Archives of Canada website I found the index card showing the circumstances of Noel’s death:

“Killed” (Accidentally)

He was instantly killed by the premature explosion of a shell in the gun he was serving, during operations in the vicinity of Calonne.

Cemetary: Cite Calonne Military Cemetery, Near Fosse No. 2 de Lievin, 1 1/2 miles West North West of Lievin, 4 miles South of Vermelles, France.

Circumstances of death Cpl Noel B Hall 26 October 1916

Circumstances of death Cpl Noel B Hall 26 October 1916

Newcastle Daily Journal 10 November 1916 - death notices for Ann Eliza and Noel Bramwell Hall

Newcastle Daily Journal 10 November 1916 – death notices for Ann Eliza and Noel Bramwell Hall

It seems that he died somewhere just south of Grenay as the cemetery where he was originally buried was between Grenay and Lievin and they would not have moved him far.  He was less than 2 months short of his 25th birthday.

Also online I found a very poignant listing in the Newcastle Daily Journal, Friday November 10, 1916 which showed not only Noel’s death notice (under the military deaths – Roll of Honour) but that of his grandmother Ann Eliza Hall who died on 9 November exactly 2 weeks after Noel’s death, at the age of 79.

I can imagine that Ann Eliza was probably already unwell and that the appalling news of her beloved grandson’s death broke her heart.  Only 2 years previously her eldest daughter Marian had died and Noel’s father (her son) was also dead.

In 1925 Noel’s aunt Rosa Beatrice Hall, still living at the Manor House in Shincliffe, received a letter from the Imperial War Graves Commission which explained that Noel’s body had been moved to the Loos British Cemetery.

The tone of the letter is sensitive even though it would have been sent to many families (the type is different for the unique information about individual soldiers but the letter was still signed personally).

In 2008 we found his grave so it wasn’t difficult to find it again in the neatly laid out cemetery.  Once again for our visit to Noel the weather was beautiful, with a clear blue sky, the fog of the Somme area left behind.

We had brought some English roses from our garden to place on Noel’s grave – the lovely yellow scented ‘Summertime’ which climbs around an archway in our garden, the two last buds of the gorgeous scented deep purple ‘Young Lycidas’, some sprays of the prolific red Olympic flame and an unidentified orange coloured hybrid tea rose from our front garden.  Noel has a known grave with his name on it.  So many of the WWI dead have no known grave or were not identified, therefore it seemed fitting to bring him an unidentified rose to acknowledge his many lost comrades.

The Maple trees in the cemetery had lost a lot of their leaves but still looked flaming in the sunshine.  We signed the Visitors Book before we left to return to England.

Our entry in the Visitors Book at Loos British Cemetery

Our entry in the Visitors Book at Loos British Cemetery

It was an immense privilege to be able to retrace some of Noel’s steps on this 2 day trip to France and learn something of what those soldiers experienced in that terrible drawn out fight for territory which wasted so many lives.

References:

War Diaries of 4th Canadian Infantry Brigade October 1916

British line in Artois in the spring of 1916 after the relief of the French army south of Loos. Campaign and Battle Maps, The Long, Long Trail – the British Army in the Great War http://www.1914-1918.net/maps.htm

Library and Archives Canada – Circumstances of death registers, First World War

See also Visit to the Somme – part 1,  Visit to the Somme – part 2 and Visit to the Somme – part 3.

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Visit to the Somme – part 3

26 October 1916 was the day my Granny’s cousin Noel Bramwell Hall died in WWI.  He did not die at the Somme where he had served in the 19th Battalion of 4th Brigade during the Canadian capture of Courcelette from the Germans.  Instead his Brigade, part of the reserve army, was moved out of the Somme area at the beginning of October and marched north to relieve British forces fighting between Lens and Bethune.  As an infantry unit they walked the distance.

26 October 2016 dawned very foggy in the Somme, common weather for that time of year in the area.  So retracing Noel’s steps in the Somme before the march north meant venturing out in the very low cloud.  We went in search of Sausage Valley.

Becourt Chapel on a foggy morning

Becourt Chapel on a foggy morning

In the War Diary of the 4th Brigade of the 2nd Canadians for 25th September to 4th October the Brigadier-General mentioned Sausage Valley several times.  On the 25th the Brigade was moved back from behind the lines near Albert where they appeared to have been stationed for a few days.  They were moved back to the battlefields to help with operations around Pozieres.  The 19th Battalion were moved to Tara Valley in readiness for being called forward however because of heavy shelling overnight on other Battalions and other movements on the battlefield the 4th Brigade wasn’t called into position and was returned further behind the lines, so 19th moved from Tara Valley to Sausage Valley along with the 18th Battalion early on the 27th September.  The following day they were on the move again:

“The 19th Battalion under command of Lieut-Colonel W. R. Turnbull was moved up to GUN PIT ROAD during the night and came under the orders of the G.O.C. 6th Brigade.  Early in the morning of the 28th September, this Battalion was ordered to push forward from GUN PIT ROAD in the direction of a Line from DESTREMONT FARM to the SOUTH PRACTICE TRENCHES and to establish a Line well in front of the PRACTICE TRENCHES.  This operation called for caution and at the same time, a fixed determination to attain the objective, in spite of opposition from the numerous small hostile parties suspected to be firmly holding hidden strong points in the area which the advance had to be made.  The movement was carried out with dash and splendid gallantry and our position advanced over a thousand yards with few casualties.” (War Diary, September 1916)

70th Brigade (23rd British Division) managed to occupy Destremont Farm just south west of Le Sars after heavy fighting over the next 2 days and the War Diary continued:

“Under incessant and increasing machine gun fire from the direction of LE SARS and the high ground to the North and West, the leading Platoons of the 19th Battalion pushed forward and took up a new position about 400 yards north of the PRACTICE TRENCHES. A support trench about 150 yards in rear and a reserve trench were also hastily constructed.  Flank protective trenches were also provided.  Lewis Guns adn Bombing posts were quickly prepared and during the day all ranks worked steadily improving the postiion.  By noon the Battalion had completed a continuous front line trench, 4ft deep, and established observation posts and direct telephone communication with Battalion Headquarters.  Much valuable information was sent form these advanced observation stations.  A message was received fromt he G.O.C 2nd Canadian Division extending his congratulations to the Units taking part in this splendid achievement.  This much appreciated communication was promptly transmitted to all Ranks engaged.” (War Diary, September 1916)

Apparently on the morning of 29th September some scouting parties were sent out – one such party from the 19th Battalion discovered 3 Germans in a dug-out and killed them, later that day another group discovered others in a Gun Pit who surrendered and another patrol under Lieut Dunn of 19th Battalion found an unoccupied German trench 500 yards in front of the advanced line which contained their equipment, bombs and ammunition, they immediately set up their own post in the trench of bombers, Lewis gunners and Snipers.  19th Battalion were relieved by 20th Battalion during the night of 30th September/1st October, with the 19th going into support.

Nicholson, G. W. L. 1962. Official History of the Canadian Army in the First World War: Canadian Expeditionary Force 1914-1919. Queens Printer and Controller of Stationary, Ottawa, Canada.

Nicholson, G. W. L. 1962. Official History of the Canadian Army in the First World War: Canadian Expeditionary Force 1914-1919. Queens Printer and Controller of Stationary, Ottawa, Canada.

Before being relieved by the 9th Brigade of the 3rd Canadians, all Battalions of the 4th Brigade took part in some more trench digging during the night of 2nd October.  The War diary explained:

“This order also required the 4th Brigade to dig a “jumping off” trench forward of our position in some sections, and called for the work being completed during the night October 2nd/3rd or before relief.  he men were very much exhausted from want of sleep, heavy shelling and continuous rain.  As these trenches were required for further offensive operations contemplated by the Army, and every man realised the importance of pressing the advantage we had already gained over the enemy, the work was undertaken cheerfully, notwithstanding the exhausted and worn out condition of all ranks.  Every Unit in the Brigade contributed to the working parties and by noon the following day, a further advance had been made in our general line.  By joining some disused portions of enemy trench, and pushing forward a series of posts our Battalions had been able to gain in some places two hundred yards of additional ground.” (War Diary, September 1916)

During this time they also buried some of the dead.

Information about Becourt Chapel

Information about Becourt Chapel

The 4th Brigade was relieved during the night of 3rd/4th October and moved to Sausage Valley and subsequently to Bouzincourt and rest billets.

“The work of the Brigade was appreciated by the Army Commander who intimated to the Division in a special message, his pleasure and satisfaction with the work done by all Ranks.” (War Diary, September 1916)

The bottom end of Sausage Valley which is just south of Le Boisselle ends at a village called Becourt.

The large bomb crater Lochnegar is alongside the top end of the valley.  We didn’t visit the crater but instead headed for Becourt.  There we discovered that the Chateau had been severely damaged during the war but that a Red Cross station had been established in the Chapel and in the basement of the Chateau.  This made sense – those of the troops stationed in the valley who were wounded would have been taken for treatment to the Chateau and if they died they were buried in the Cemetery which was established nearby (Norfolk Cemetery, Becordel-Becourt).

Looking at the floor display at Thiepval Museum

Looking at the floor display at Thiepval Museum

We drove to Thiepval Memorial and visited the museum.  There we saw photos of the damage to Albert and Courcelette and read some of the personal accounts of soldiers who had fought in the Somme.  The display of artefacts found in the battlefields in the 100 years since the war was stunning and sobering – it was placed under glass in the floor along with screens of photos and videos with captions, as if ‘finding’ those pieces of evidence at ground level like the farmers and reconstruction workers will have done, rather than seeing them displayed in wall mounted cabinets at eye level as in most museums.  Most were rusted, distorted and encrusted with mud – the horrible reality of trench warfare.  We walked quietly along, pausing frequently to read, examine and reflect on the terrible waste and destruction of lives and property.

We also saw an early aeroplane in the museum which had been used in the first air warfare, however we could not linger long as we needed to attend the daily ceremony at the Thiepval memorial itself.  So we went outside and walked to the Memorial which loomed in the fog in a massive ghostly shape, very evocative of the many lost souls it records on its thick bastions.

first view of Thiepval Memorial in the fog

First view of Thiepval Memorial in the fog

I had a short discussion with the person leading the ceremony who confirmed that he had put my poem reading at the start rather than the end as another group were also taking part and had names to read out.

I had requested to read a poem but had not chosen one of the well known war poems (in Flanders Fields would have been appropriate as it was written by a Canadian and I have sung Liz Lane’s beautiful setting of that poem in The Open University Choir).  Instead the Royal British Legion gave permission for me to read my own poem, written in 1986 on my way home from school.

It was introduced as follows:

We will now hand over to Anna Page who together with her family is commemorating Corporal Noel Bramwell Hall, 2nd Canadians 19th Battalion 4th Brigade. She will read her poem “We were so young”.

It is dedicated to the many young men and women who went off to war, and is about how they might have been sustained by childhood memories in the worst of the conflict when reality was very different from their idealistic expectations. 

We were so young (by Anna Herbert, aged 17)

I hear the laughter in children’s voices,
I remember their plays, I know their choices,
I see their childish summer games,
I remember all their innocent aims
And I think:
We were so young.

Our view of life was young and kind
Hardly a conflict can cross my mind
That was as cruel as those we were yet to know,
Or as frightening as places toward which we go
And I realise:
We were so young.

The Winter has come for those summer joys,
The sun has set on our babyish toys,
We must face the future as we did in those days,
Backed with golden summer memories
Of the days
When We were so young.

The Act of Remembrance followed with the Bidding Prayer:

Let us remember before God and commend to his sure keeping: those who have died for their country in war; those whom we knew, and whose memory we treasure; and this day especially those who gave their lives in the Battle of the Somme.

Exhortation

They shall grow not old as we that are left grow old,
Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun, and in the morning
We will remember them.

All:  We will remember them.

Last Post (which was a recording broadcast over the sound system)

Two Minutes Silence

Reveille

Then three men came up to read the names of all those from their town and surrounding villages who had died in WWI.  It was hard to read those names without choking up especially as the list was long and there were several with the same surnames. I had found the fourth line of my poem difficult though managed to keep going.

Beside the poppy wreaths at the Thiepval Memorial

Beside the poppy wreaths at the Thiepval Memorial

The act of remembrance ended with the Kohima Epitaph – When you go home tell them of us and say: ‘For your tomorrow we gave our today.’

Afterwards we explored the monument and the cemetery beyond it which was filled mostly with unidentified British and French soldiers.  Although I would have liked to have seen the memorial in brilliant sunshine (as depicted in photos) seeing it in the fog gave a very strong sense of a shadowy army of lost men forever honoured in that place. It was an intensely moving experience.

At the entrance to the Visitors Centre and Museum are two large banks of earth covered in grass and remembrance crosses and poppies with messages. We bought a cross with a poppy on it to take to Noel’s grave.

We drove from Thiepval to Grandcourt, Miraumont, past Courcelette then back down the Albert-Bapaume road and across the Ancre river at Aveluy, covering some of the ground where 4th Brigade had spent their last few days in the Somme.  It was still foggy so not worth taking any photographs and there was little time to stop as we had to embark on the last part of our journey – retracing 4th Brigade’s march to Calonne and the visit to Noel’s final resting place.

See also Visit to the Somme – part 1, Visit to the Somme – part 2 and Visit to the Somme – part 4

References:

War diary – Operations of the 4th Canadian Infantry Brigade at the Somme, Sept 25th – October 4th 1916, Brigadier-General R. Rennie, MVO. D80, Commanding

Nicholson, G. W. L. 1962. Official History of the Canadian Army in the First World War: Canadian Expeditionary Force 1914-1919. Queens Printer and Controller of Stationary, Ottawa, Canada.  Found at https://18thbattalioncef.wordpress.com/18th-battalion-unit-action-battles/somme-battles/brickfields-and-death-the-battle-of-fler-courcelette/